How to register a Copyright in Vietnam
Copyright in Vietnam is a legal framework that grants creators exclusive rights to their original works, covering a wide range of intellectual properties such as literary works, music, films, software, databases, video games, visual arts, photography, and architectural designs. The primary legislation governing copyright in Vietnam is the Intellectual Property Law (Law No. 50/2005/QH11), which was enacted in 2005 and has been amended several times, most recently in 2019, to align with international standards and address the needs of the digital age. This law ensures that creators maintain control over the use, distribution, and adaptation of their works, providing a robust legal foundation to protect against unauthorized use or exploitation.
What is Not Copyrightable in Vietnam?
In Vietnam, while copyright protection is extensive, certain types of works are excluded. Copyright does not extend to mere ideas, concepts, methods, systems, or procedures, as the law only protects the specific expression of ideas, not the ideas themselves. Additionally, works that are not fixed in a tangible medium, such as unrecorded performances or oral presentations, do not qualify for copyright protection. Official texts, including legislative, administrative, and judicial documents, and their official translations, are also excluded from copyright protection. Furthermore, simple facts, news reports, and public domain information are not protected under Vietnamese copyright law. Understanding these exclusions is essential for creators to ensure their works are adequately protected.
Is Copyright Registration Necessary in Vietnam?
As a signatory to the Berne Convention, Vietnam provides automatic copyright protection from the moment a work is created and fixed in a tangible medium. This means that copyright registration is not strictly necessary to secure protection in Vietnam. Your work is protected as soon as it is created, without the need for formal registration.
Why Copyright Registration is Highly Recommended in Vietnam
Even though copyright registration is not mandatory in Vietnam, it is highly recommended. Registering your copyright provides official proof of ownership, which is crucial in legal disputes involving copyright infringement. It simplifies the process of asserting your rights in court and can make it easier to claim damages or prevent unauthorized use of your work. In Vietnam, copyright registration is managed by the Copyright Office of Vietnam (COV), which operates under the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism. By registering your work with the Copyright Office, you reinforce your legal claim to your creation, making it easier to defend your rights both domestically and internationally.
How long does it take to register a copyright in Vietnam
In Vietnam the processing time to register a copyright is approximately 2 months from the filing date.
Requirements for Registering a Copyright in Vietnam
To register a copyright in Vietnam, you must follow specific procedures through the Copyright Office of Vietnam (COV). The process involves submitting a formal application that includes detailed information about the work, such as the title, type of work, and the author’s or authors' names. A physical or digital copy of the work must be provided, along with proof of identity (for individuals) or legal representation (for companies). A Statutory declaration of the author(s) on creating the work, a registration fee, which varies based on the type of work and the registration service requested, must also be paid. Once the application is submitted, the COV will review it, and upon approval, your copyright will be officially registered, granting you the associated legal benefits.
Copyrighting and Protecting Software in Vietnam
Software is recognized as a protected work under Vietnam’s copyright law, treated similarly to literary works. This protection extends to the software’s source code, object code, and related documentation. When registering software in Vietnam, it is important to provide the COV with a comprehensive description of the software, including its functionalities and, if necessary, the underlying code. Registering your software grants the creator or owner exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, modify, and prevent unauthorized use by third parties. Given the global issue of software piracy, registering your software in Vietnam provides a solid legal foundation for taking action against unauthorized copying or distribution. Additionally, software developers and companies are encouraged to use licensing agreements and terms of use to safeguard their intellectual property rights when distributing software in the country.
Is it Possible to Register Copyright Contracts and Licenses in Vietnam?
Yes, in Vietnam, it is possible and advisable to register contracts related to copyright, such as copyright licenses. Registering these contracts with the Copyright Office of Vietnam (COV) provides legal certainty and makes the terms of the agreement publicly accessible. This registration is particularly important in cases of disputes over the scope or validity of a license. The registration of copyright licenses or transfer contracts helps ensure that all parties involved have their rights protected and that the contract's terms are enforceable under Vietnamese law.
Copyright Duration in Vietnam
Understanding the duration of copyright protection in Vietnam is essential for managing and protecting your intellectual property. For literary, artistic, and scientific works owned by an individual, the copyright duration lasts for the lifetime of the author plus 50 years after their death. This period provides substantial protection for the author’s heirs. When these works are owned by a company, the copyright protection is valid for 50 years from the date of publication.
For audiovisual works, collective works, and works of applied art, if owned by an individual, the protection also lasts for the lifetime of the author plus 50 years after their death. If these works are owned by a company, the copyright duration in Vietnam is 50 years from the date of first publication. Photographic works and works of applied art, whether owned by an individual or a company, are protected for 50 years from the date of creation.
Works published anonymously or under a pseudonym are protected for 50 years from the date of first publication. If the author’s identity becomes known, the protection is extended to their lifetime plus 50 years. If the work is owned by a company and the author’s identity is not revealed, the copyright duration remains 50 years from the date of first publication.
Two Interesting Facts About Copyright in Vietnam
One unique aspect of copyright in Vietnam is the country’s focus on protecting traditional cultural expressions, particularly in the fields of Vietnamese traditional music, dance, and folklore. The Vietnamese government has implemented specific measures to protect these cultural expressions from unauthorized exploitation, ensuring that these cultural assets are preserved and respected.
Another notable feature of Vietnam’s copyright system is the emphasis on digital content protection. With the rapid growth of the digital economy in Vietnam, the government has been proactive in enforcing copyright laws to combat digital piracy, particularly in the areas of software, music, and film. The Copyright Office of Vietnam (COV) works closely with other government agencies to monitor and address copyright infringements in the digital space.